Research & Development Expenditure Credits (RDECs) provide a 20% subsidy towards R&D expenditure and yet they remain significantly underutilised due to knowledge gaps and process inefficiency.

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Potential beneficiaries

Whilst RDECs are available across multiple sectors and client types, TFI Group focus on their extensive sector knowledge to primarily support companies engaged in the built environment and associated industries facing similar challenges.
Developers / housebuilders

Developers / housebuilders

RDECs are typically claimed by companies who encounter significant design or technical challenges which can only be resolved through investment in R&D.

Design team

Design team

RDECs are typically claimed by design team consultants who undertake their own R&D or, subject to meeting specific tests, where they undertake R&D as part of works contracted to them.

Contractors

Contractors

RDECs are typically claimed by building contractors who initiate R&D projects of their own or, subject to meeting specific tests, where they undertake R&D as part of works contracted to them.

RDEC numbers at a glance

of tax relief claimed for clients
£
0
m+
of tax relief claimed for clients
projects assessed for R&D
0
+
projects assessed for R&D
cash savings generated for clients
£
0
m+
cash savings generated for clients

Key features

An RDEC is a taxable “above-the-line” credit, meaning it is shown as income in the profit and loss account but is paid to the company through a reduction in corporation tax. The credit is worth 20% of the cost of qualifying activities before tax.
Payments for contracted R&D can only be claimed if the company initiated the R&D and can demonstrate that it is reasonable to assume they intended or contemplated for R&D to be undertaken. If not, it is the contractor who is entitled to claim.
A separate R&D scheme for SME companies applies for accounting periods commencing prior to 1st April 2024. It granted SMEs tax relief of 130% of the qualifying expenditure expensed to the P&L in a period.
Under the SME scheme, if the relief creates or increases a loss, then a SME company can claim a tax credit equal to 14.5% of those losses up to a maximum of 230% of the qualifying expenditure.
A new merged R&D scheme, based on the RDEC rules, applies to both SMEs and large companies for expenditure incurred in accounting periods beginning on or after 1 April 2024.
The merged scheme RDEC rate is 20% and if the company is loss-making, the credit may be paid as a cash sum, subject to certain restrictions and the offset of other tax liabilities.
From 1 April 2023, companies making an R&D claim must give advanced notification to HMRC within 6 months of the year end to which the claim relates, unless they have claimed R&D relief in one of the previous three accounting periods.
Under the merged scheme, qualifying costs include staff costs; externally provided workers (EPWs); contracted R&D costs; consumables e.g. materials and utilities; software and payments for clinical trials.
Qualifying activities include activities aimed at resolving scientific or technological uncertainty in the pursuit of an advance in overall science and technology, not just a company’s own knowledge and capability.
In the built environment, R&D is typically encountered on sites where significant physical or regulatory constraints exist; or in developing more sustainable and cost-effective building designs; or in advancing automation of processes.

Common pitfalls

Cross <br />
charges

Cross
charges

Companies overlook the payment requirement condition when claiming cross charges for activities undertaken by staff in another group entity.

Groups <br />
claims

Groups
claims

Groups don’t make claims, companies do. Groups fail to consider which legal entity owns an R&D project and also fail to demonstrate clear auditability of claimable costs.

Contract <br />
clauses

Contract
clauses

A contract clause stating rights over any RDECs alone, without any appreciation of whether the R&D was intended or contemplated, will very likely fail.

IR35 <br />
interaction

IR35
interaction

Failure to take into consideration the IR35 status of a worker in determining a contractor’s status as staff or EPW can result in a conflicting position being reported to HMRC.

Competent <br />
professional (CP)

Competent
professional (CP)

The eligibility of R&D projects rests on the opinion of the CP. Claims fail because the person determining eligibility is not a CP based on HMRC’s definition in CIRD81300.

Building <br />
works

Building
works

Companies incorrectly claim the cost of the building work even though all the technological uncertainty was resolved prior to commencement of those works.

Project <br />
boundaries

Project
boundaries

Companies confuse the commercial objective of a project as the R&D project, rather than focusing on just the R&D activities within that commercial project.

Contracted-out <br />
R&D

Contracted-out
R&D

Companies fail to recognise the correct tax treatment of contracted-out costs resulting in claims being made in the wrong period.

How we help our clients

Technological uncertainty is a common feature of many projects and yet the R&D activities to resolve those uncertainties often go unreported because of the lack of any formal process to do so, particularly within large organisations. At TFI Group, we not only have the in-depth knowledge of the legislation and R&D definitions to correctly determine entitlement, but we also have proven processes, including several sampling methodologies agreed with HMRC, which facilitate the efficient identification and valuation of multiple projects across multiple locations and legal entities.

We actively encourage and support the process of live reporting of R&D projects, with training and provision of on-line tools, but this is always supported by a rigorous retrospective review of projects at the end of each accounting period.

Obtain project codes and details of relevant personnel in each legal entity; confirm accounting and cross charging protocols. Prepare sampling methodologies for agreement with HMRC.
Head-office <br />
data
Head-office
data
Top-down and bottom-up review of all projects to determine potential presence of R&D. Identify projects for detailed review in line with agreed sampling methodology and identify lead CP.
Initial R&D assessment
Initial R&D assessment
Interview with lead CP to assess RDEC entitlement; identify the R&D activities and resources deployed; review evidence of intention and contemplation of the R&D for any contracted-out R&D.
Qualitative <br />
assessment
Qualitative
assessment
Calculate cost of staff / EPWs and compile evidence of eligible third-party costs; Confirm accounting treatment; check payment conditions are met; undertake agreed extrapolations of sampled projects.
Quantitative <br />
assessment
Quantitative
assessment
Report eligible costs for each project by category, for each legal entity; Prepare project narratives based on Additional Information Form (AIF) requirements; submit detailed report for CT600 and complete AIF.
Claim <br />
preparation
Claim
preparation

All reviews conclude with a detailed feedback session to identify process improvements, increase awareness of eligible costs, improve the robustness of claims and help companies transition to live reporting.

Testimonials

They speak the language of our project teams and help to bridge the gap between our tax functions and the people delivering our projects.
The Berkeley Group Holdings plc
Very satisfied with the TFI Group. We have been clients for many years, and Ben and his team continue to deliver an exceptional, timely and professional service.
Taylor Wimpey plc
The service we receive is second to none. They inpendently liaise with our various business units to get the information that they need. All members of the team are a pleasure to work with and we are very grateful to have their experience as part of our annual compliance processes.
Crest Nicholson plc
I would highly recommend TFI Group – the team are professional, approachable and knowledgeable, and produce robust claims based on detailed work that combines their industry knowledge with tax expertise.
Vistry Group plc
The Fiscal Incentives Group provided expert guidance on land remediation relief and capital allowances, maximising our claims. Their deep knowledge of real estate development and property tax makes them highly recommended for such services.
Newlands Property Developments LLP
TFI provide exceptional expertise and support to Topland Group, ensuring we optimise the various reliefs available across our real estate activities. Their professionalism, efficiency, and in-depth knowledge of both real estate and the tax legislation ensures we are able to add further value to the Group's portfolio.
Topland Group plc
The Fiscal Incentives Group has provided clear, expert guidance on Land Remediation Relief and R&D tax claims. Its attention to detail and commitment to regulatory standards have made the process efficient and robust. We look forward to continuing our partnership.
Persimmon plc
TFI has been our trusted partner for many years, expertly handling our LRR and R&D claims. Their reliability and proactive approach have consistently impressed us. They significantly lighten our workload, making the entire process seamless and stress-free. 
Bellway Homes Ltd
The Fiscal Incentives Group have made our capital allowances process straightforward and efficient. Their expertise and attention to detail has been invaluable. They are a great team to work with, and we look forward to continue working with them.
Indurent
We have worked with The Fiscal Incentives Group for a number of years and have been really pleased with the level of service and support in optimising our claims.
Fairview New Homes Ltd
We engaged TFI for our LRR claims at the end of 2023. Their knowledgeable, proactive team expertly guided us through the process, addressing all queries professionally and diligently, providing great reassurance throughout.
Shropshire Homes Ltd

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